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Vaughan Pallmore "Bing" Devine (March 1, 1916 – January 27, 2007) was an American front office executive in Major League Baseball. In the prime of his career, as a general manager, the executive who is responsible for all baseball operations, Devine was a major architect of four National League champions and three World Series champions in the six years between 1964 and 1969. Specifically, Devine served as general manager of the St. Louis Cardinals from November 1957 through August 17, 1964, and was directly responsible for putting the 1964 world champion Cardinals on the field – even though he had been fired with six weeks remaining in the season, one of the most bizarre events in baseball annals. Many of the players Devine acquired led the Cardinals to the 1967 world title and the 1968 NL championship, the later occurring during Devine's second tour (1968–78) as St. Louis general manager. In between those terms, from 1965–67, Devine was assistant to the president, and then president (and ''de facto'' general manager), of the New York Mets, where he helped put together the organization that would turn the franchise from baseball's laughingstocks to 1969 world champions as the "Miracle Mets." During the 1980s, he also served as president of the St. Louis football Cardinals of the National Football League. ==Early baseball career== Devine was born in St. Louis, and attended University City High School and Washington University in St. Louis. He played college basketball and semiprofessional baseball, then joined the Cardinals in 1939 as an office boy and batting practice pitcher. In 1941, he became business manager of the Class D Johnson City Cardinals. During a roster shortage, Devine activated himself as a second baseman for 27 games and 93 at bats, but he garnered only 11 hits for a .118 batting average. Thereafter, he hung up his uniform and concentrated on his work in the front office.〔https://books.google.com/books?id=UbsldDlgZeEC&pg=PA62 〕 As pioneers of the farm system concept, the Cardinals had as many as 40 affiliated or owned teams in their minor league system before World War II. With time out for U.S. Navy service during the war, Devine rose rapidly through the ranks as a business manager of Cardinal farm teams, finally becoming the general manager of the AAA Rochester Red Wings of the International League in 1949. After six seasons at the helm of the Redbirds' top farm team, he joined the St. Louis front office in the autumn of 1954. The Cardinals, recently purchased by brewery magnate August "Gussie" Busch, were in rebuilding mode under trade-happy general manager "Frantic" Frank Lane. The team finished second in the NL in , but Lane had worn out his welcome; he moved on to run the Cleveland Indians and was replaced in St. Louis by the steadier hand of Devine. Devine began to add talent and depth to the St. Louis roster, including African American and Latin American players. He was seen as being very progressive when it came to signing or trading for black and Latin ballplayers, whereas other teams (most notably the New York Yankees) showed a great deal of reluctance in this area. In the first five years of his reign, he traded for or promoted players such as Bob Gibson, Bill White, Curt Flood, and Julián Javier. But the Cardinals were mired in the middle of the pack of a very powerful National League. In —a season also marked by the final campaign of the Cardinals' longtime superstar, Stan Musial—the Redbirds surged into contention, sparked by the acquisition of shortstop Dick Groat from the Pittsburgh Pirates, 18-win seasons from pitchers Gibson and Ernie Broglio, the comeback of left-handed starter Curt Simmons (who had been signed off the scrap heap by Devine), and the strong campaign of young catcher Tim McCarver. The Cardinals challenged the eventual world champion Los Angeles Dodgers into mid-September before finishing second, the club's highest showing since '57. Devine was chosen as Major League Executive of the Year by The Sporting News for his efforts in returning the Cards to contending status. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bing Devine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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